Community program

The Grumman Lunar Module

This video captures a community presentation by a former Grumman Aerospace engineer named Pete Meyer, who shares his experiences working on the Apollo lunar module and reflects on the broader history of American space exploration. The speaker begins with routine museum announcements before diving into a detailed lecture about orbital mechanics, the engineering marvels of the Saturn V rocket, and the harrowing rescue mission of Apollo 13.

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Type
Community program
Subject
Apollo missions
Archive
Stuart Heritage Museum
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The story in brief

Meyer then transitions to discussing subsequent astronomical achievements, including the Hubble and Kepler telescopes, while emphasizing the vast scale of the universe.

About this story

Ultimately, the purpose of the talk is to celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the lunar landing and inspire the local community by recounting humanity's remarkable journey into space.

Full transcript

Made automatically from the video's captions, so some names and places may be wrong. Watch the video for the exact words.

Sandy so let me get started I am married I hope I'm the executive director I think most of you know that at this time I want to introduce you to our board I think most of them are here tonight and I have a reason for oh yeah she was standing up just raise your hand and told me…

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Sandy so let me get started I am married I hope I'm the executive director I think most of you know that at this time I want to introduce you to our board I think most of them are here tonight and I have a reason for oh yeah she was standing up just raise your hand and told me our president Nancy King Crawford fine Henry Barbara Hodapp is not here Suzanne Jones Campbell Alice Lockhart Valentine and he's not here but I think most would be so be Val has he's been around here a long time Gary Maxwell Gary here he usually is Judy Elkins Okay the reason that I've called him about Susan Gloria come on

up is there anybody still sitting in the audience the reason I am asking you for this is that this is election month and at one time Steward Heritage real elected new directors every year and I'm asking you your teeth the most wonderful lunch board directors that there is for another year so can we asked all in favor say aye um any one of those thank you sorry that the news letters did not get out on time it did not have anything to do with us when we had it there at 2 2 it's early uh the man that friend zone sent me an apology said if renting a company has them and they had to

be re-credited so most of you should have got them today I hope you did so it's really not fair the peak that they didn't go out like they should but there isn't anything we can do about it it happened so um like I was telling you earlier with their degrees on the back table were made by Nancy Nancy Crawford's daughter Lynn and they are absolutely gorgeous may God to be auctioned off there they are five dollars each or three and they will be optioned off on December the 14th at our holiday open house at the Museum and I hope all of you will attend that we will have a tree that's being made by Barbara

to help with help from Susan and John it will be also auctioned off and it will be at the Museum the day after that most of you know that we pay 250 a month you need to get out the building and tonight we'll be selling tickets for a dollar on 25 ornament which will be drawn before the program is over tonight I've had a request to go back to the 5050 and I will be glad to do that I really am I losing my boys and I'm sorry that's a scratchy um if you all want you're going to be back we'll be glad to do that because that helps us pay the bill so we

will not have a meeting here in January Stewart Main Street is taking it over and it's going to be called slacker Center again foreign and that's too soon it's December 31st that's too soon for us to impose on them to have all the speaker system and everything ready so in January we are going to have a night open house at the Museum I believe it was January the 14th they'll have Alice Gloria and Judy your employers and if you've never been on one of those tours you you've never been on the tour because they do good so you come on down to the rest of us will stand here and talk to you with the

elementary closed tonight if I could get it apart it will be open uh from sixth day 30. our February program will be back here in this room with Benny James and her family on black history okay I think that's everything for tonight for you to turn the program over to San Antonio will introduce to us as close to person and a member of Heritage speed podcast well we have a nice Sprout here I was so worried if we could perfect I don't know your problem before I knew P minor everybody has such an interesting story and I thought I do this like uh I I had this little something on credit and when I when

I read it she lived in my Nigeria and she had office background and then every time I might need I go to my son's house I've passed this house that there's a sign on it minor on the river Shores and then I got to me and he told you a little bit of story about when I put in Tiffany palette just a little before to you before it gets started on this program about where you exploring and when you went to work for her brother and practically a neighbor Elizabeth Brown so Chris will you stand up he has something pretty loud Pete Meyer and she speaks English not on Earth okay I was uh born

on Long Island on the North Shore There's Hope um I went to Clarkson University in Upstate New York and got a mechanical engineering degree graduated in 60 4 and uh I went to work for Grumman Aerospace I knew I was going there because I had worked for them as a summer student so that was very convenient to know where you were going a year before you ready I worked on a couple of Vietnam aircraft that someone was using and they put me onto the lunar module I worked on the decent propulsion side of the lunar model I went to the king with the program and in 1960 I did all the pre-flights before the lunar

Landing in July of July 20th of this year and also worked with the Apollo 13 rescue and after that uh it was a pause on the program while they figured out what went wrong with the North American problem on the service budget drone grumman's work was perfect we had a few minor problems but everything was very successful so they wanted to ship me back to Long Island I love Laura boating and fishing so I left from and found a job at a corporate Corporation test and developmental center and for a mechanical engineer who likes to boat and fish I just died and went to heaven it was like working at a mechanical engineering toy shop

so people say how can you go from rocket engines to boats and I simply say thrust is thrust so just a wild principles but anyway this program together I started with it about oh beginning of this year knowing that the 50th Anniversary was coming up I've done it without at least 10 times in the community three times at the library once at the Museum um I showed a threat with the engineer retiring Club I chose the Sikorsky and helicopter Pilots and said hi and showed my grandson's class in the Middle School um so uh let's get started fasten your seat belts for launch here I can walk around with this I don't have to uh

I don't want to stand in the way of the camera around here this work yeah okay this song A little bit first about the launch platform when we go into a warrior a little bit about Earth Dynamics see Earth is 8 000 miles in diameter pretty close to that number this circumference around the Equator was 25 000 miles we all know that our boat base once a day that's how we had our sunrise and sunset and at road base could be yes a man standing at the equator is actually traveling a thousand miles per hour to be East relative to the safety moment containers turned off and so the Earth is 25 000 miles it

goes once around in 24 hours so he's moving at over a thousand miles an hour the man has no sensation of the seed since he's tend to be verified gravitational force and the atmosphere rotates with them most of the god we know when hurricane Dorian that wasn't quite true the Sun isn't moving during a sunrise or Sunset the Earth is reality so if somebody says to you you see that door to a sunset tonight there's supposed to say no it was an earth rotation now this is an illusion that Apple the astronomers back three or four hundred years ago how they opened the furnace and they finally figured out that the Earth was at the

center of the universe a man standing at the North Pole with our own revolution in 24 hours I just want to put a little side note in here like about to mention the adoption I suggested to Chris at the beginning of the year do you think that her was like this and she said they're more interested in the history of Montana 's Lord an actor Sondra thrillo contacted me I said well this is kind of authority of Heritage because something taking off with a hey Flew Over The Coast here over the door so you saw a lot of launches so the man standing at the North Pole where they won a revolution of speed 24

hours you might approached to death but that's all he would do was around slowly he would have oh at a smaller latitude brain north of the equator at Kennedy Space Center and he wanted us both say Stuart Florida the cedar land is about 850 miles an hour to these you don't have right now you don't assassin but this also includes the launch platforms that they only say so all tables and satellites need to reach 17 500 miles an hour to obtain a circular heart around the Earth I had a blow out into about 100 at that altitude of one order it's about 90 minutes since the launched past the Kennedy Space Center or traveling 850

due to the rotation of the Earth this is a little bit of almost you're already moving in that direction so now think of those only have to accelerate to 16 650 miles an hour to obtain a 17 500 miles an hour could we have built the safe center in Tampa and watch for the West sure but if you want us to the left those large platforms are going to be East you have to overcome the 850 to the east and add that on to 17 500 so you can build a big specific one there now if you go slower than 17 500 . you'll agree into the atmosphere and burn up if you don't have

a wave of shield on your spacecraft if you go faster than seventeen thousand five hundred mile an hour you'll go into an elliptical order with an aptitude which is a high altitude of the oval or orbit and a parody which is the low point faster than 25 000 miles an hour that is required to take the Earth's gravitational field and once you do that to your moment to an order around the sun which was called Imperial Center for this had to be accomplished going for the Moon just a little word on communication satellites communication and TV satellites they orbit about 22 000 mile altitude here the Earth's gravitational field is about one-third of that sea

level now the equestrate gravitational field is less the orbital speed instead of being seventeen thousand five hundred is about 6 800 miles an hour why is this important and 22 000 miles in the speed of sixty eight hundred miles per hour it takes 24 hours so that set that communication sound like to order the Earth well you're also against 24 hours to make one of those Revolution therefore it appears that the satellite is hanging over your head that satellite is moving at 6 800 miles an hour Uruguay and sewered at 8.50 so keep that in mind everything is moving this gravitational fields everywhere out there once an hour a satellite doesn't care if if the

Earth is revolving or not so the fact that they hurt revolves is why communication and TV satellite work at the moment as a diameter of about 2100 blocks the gravitational force on a on a bonus about one-sixth of the earth shot officials now in order to in order to move at about 60 miles for the command service model of moving the module or that one we'll see is uh 3 600 miles an hour I know there's a lot of numbers here on the end of the year so apparently because it's an important form of getting here remember Earthly reporting at 17 500 the moon and it's 160 gravity you only need to do 3600 all

right okay here we go uh John F Kennedy when he was became president he was uh we were losing strategory for the Russians one of our senior research vice president saw me but the reason we were losing the space race was because I suppose we have to do it well after World War II when he came became president he just did not want rocketry involved in in this program and it was an affordable art Kennedy saw that knee and he could of course the challenge that this nation should commit himself to achieving the goal before the decades out of Landing have a bestie was made at Rice University campus the Russians have launched the first

satellite swimming in 57 and the based on a successful man over whites the US was former line of Russians and the stationary Space Race would utilize three programs to accomplish the little Landing these include Mercury Gemini and finally Apollo I remember I was a sophomore or Junior in high school when I saw the U.S first attempt to launch the satellite through the Vanguard I don't know the Vanguard protocol went up about 60 he crumbled After Earth in a huge explosion and I thought come on USA he knew better than that so welcome to the hall about to find myself working on the program I was fortunate it's a very great program consists of as the

state capital of Washington organized spacecraft around the Earth investigating a man's ability to function in space and to recover both Madness spacecraft safely it consists of a six-man Place May 61 through May 16 30. the first suit of blacks were on the Redstone Rocket which was not powerful enough to get into oral Alan Shepherd was the first American into space May or 61 the restaurant payroll but only the four thousand pounds the next one worker you have to launched before the office Rock the atmosphere over three thousand pounds and the Veronica obtain the Oracle speed of 17 500 miles an hour John Glenn it was the first black passionate to receive for the February to

20th 1963. now Gemini consisted of the two-man Castle the goals were to demonstrate what they want to die I was very informed to the lunar module project to do an extra uh behavioral activities to do a Target every entry and her planning which was never done and accomplished long duration twice I think some of those slices those 10-man likes of in March of 65 and November of 66. the Titan one on two for two or three I should say we used to launch the Gemini the payload of capacity is item two was eight thousand pounds the Titan two was a missile that was used in our missile silos for the facts against the Russians during

the Cold War several Staples were number of the Gemini product question sisters of a free state Robin to launch the lunar module and the command and service model the limit module was built by owner Aerospace the demand service upon Hope was still found North America and Rockwell California the lift our trust on the Apollo 75 was seven and a half million pounds total liftoff weight was six and a half million pounds the total of God on all the savings including the command service a lot of little module of all three stages was 5.6 billion pounds per pound 86 percent of that whole missile was propelled they're just lying moms get to the vet 240 000

pounds of payload into the order one of the F1 engine is the biggest propellant engine made to date uh it would burn 671 gallons of fuel and oxygen of each setup and it was pliable it was only at the same time and of my comparison in the space shuttle deep left out for us with across from 6.7 million seven final seven on that I believe and it had two solid boosters 2.8 billion pounds each and three political vitamin A liquor office and shovel engines each of the 300 it was 135 missions Along by the shop and we did have two accidents to the shop I actually was working out what slowed off the cake uh

when I went on that very cold morning the old rings on the side of the booster or improved I don't know the aim on the medical provided in the garage instead of painting out because they ain't got out but we lost that mission then we lost another mission to run a chunk of Ice broke a later Shield off the wing the shovel the show away from Carlos 223 000 pounds the payload was 65 000 pounds the shuttle will actually not about building the International Space Station on a lot of things once the booster was Jefferson it was about occurred about two and a half minutes into flight uh the shuttle and the repellent Craft on

the street house until 17 500 miles 96 Minutes another seven or five the first stage of the seven five uh burned for about a minute a two and a half minutes and it in that two and a half minutes it lost 4 million pounds of weight with excellent per pound 160 miles an hour at an altitude I think it was 42 miles second shade uh three and five I suppose hydrogen liquid oxygen engines each engine about 232 000 pounds across that second stage weighed one million thousand ninety two percent was propelled the group that there are another six minutes and nearly Revenant or the third stage that one political management and then if you shut

down and restarted the third stage was used to reserve the spacecraft into a trans lunar projector here's the payloads with the command service model and aluminum module as you can see the four legs so at the last sticking out um below the range section of the center is a little bit slow so okay review the sound of five was 363 feet tall this is the actual roll-up photo of the Apollo 11. uh coming out of a Vehicle Assembly Building on May 20th 1969 that was on what we call forward here's an example of a fraud which I was each one of those tags on the track vehicle grade one time it would go about two

or three miles an hour to technicians would work Atop The White Room after all whatever the spacecraft all the technician put it on the launch power of the candy Space Center this was July 1169 there were several several will follow a place to test Vehicles all along uh humidity remember there was a round test of the cake where there was a fire in the castle and do also free afternoon I happen to be being a finalist baseball I was off but I went over to the North American Rockwell control center while they were doing a test and I had a VIP assembly uh assembly over the fact that it doesn't seem to see and I

watched the whole process for about a half hour and I had about 15 minutes later I was on my way home so it's not my favorite thing we'll go to the shop that there's a buyer who lost his reaction it was quite a tragedy but it was all eight was urged on to do a Christmas light and I don't know why a friend of Mormon was one of the national uh and then over at the moment of 68 this is one of the first shots taken of what they call an Earthwise has said to be one of the most popular photos distributed worldwide Apollo 9. tested the lunar module of her Florida or I don't

think it was eight or nine days then Apollo 10 I flew over the moon and they'll let him be sanded it to within 10 miles of the Moon and and drop the decent stage of the snake who got about that film the command service a lot of just the proof of these typescript rendezvous and then apologize eight and a half years after President Kennedy's house then landed on a boat July 20th 69. now the lunar module computer this was interesting had a 2K around 38k of wrong we don't either computer Automotive was 40K by comparison my cell phone has 64 gigabytes and we can do the math my cell phone is 1.6 million times more

powerful than a lunar module computer will show you about technology has problems but lunar module was built might run and defense base Long Island this is a growing plant that's plant 25 available under model engineering it was on that's the plan I work in before I got shipped to the cape and Trump is the from an F-14 I think going to go somewhere around 850 out of four piece to the Navy it was the Prime fire or 15 or 20 years during the next three years of the five dimensional Landings The December of 72 and uh with lunar module the Ellen's wall on Apollo 17. the last name was December 72. 12 on all 17

I'll go through this on every week to get out of the land three of Apollo nine that was purple or test Phenom four was Apollo 10. that went into another orbit and didn't land then plan five at the top was Eagle that's when the other one said Tranquility base here the eagle has landed land each of those modules was made I don't know how I think the astronauts okay uh Apollo 12 was a successful Landing where Atlanta near the surveyor Apollo 13. was the failure you probably saw a movie on that I'll talk about that in a minute all of the 14 was successful and then 50 Apollo 50 16 and 17. all had a

Rover on the beta for the decent stage the Roper was a beautiful nature right around and move service off 12 men walked on the moon in six missions the eight kind of passed away already before and bread are still alive then there's three two of the green Fridays in general there's still a lot and they are on Apollo 13. Jim Lovell is one of the only astronauts that went to the moon twice and then it'll end up the Christmas light fall away I mean fiddle like all 13. now shortly after over and searching the third stage inspired to reached a speed of 25 000 miles an hour to escape the Earth's gravitational field but again

service module unlocked on the third stage and rotated 180 degrees and read off with aluminum bottle the third stage after release of the motor module of command service model is shown here this a uh the state of gravitational force of the Earth and is now orbiting the Sun there's seven of those third stages now there's an opera song overseer than 240 000 miles I'm gonna walk into this in a minute for two days after transm doing a rejection that 200 000 miles from her and 40 000 miles from the globe the Earth's gravity has slow slowed the spacecraft down to 2500 miles an hour from 25 000 miles here are the effects the gravitational effects

of the Moon and the Earth are evil let me walk through this I have an earth over here I have a moon I found electric is put it off it's a basketball and a bright diameter actually and I had a spacecraft over here on a stick which is an Easter egg that I also found on the kids toy box so what happens is once we launched and going into Earth orbit at 17 500 miles an hour and we decide to go for the Moon we fire the third stage here and accelerate up to 25 000 miles an hour right about here then for two days you're on a quiet time the Earth is pulling you

back the gravitational field of the Earth so as you travel you're flowing down going down deep into this point about 200 000 miles from Earth at about forty thousand miles from the Moon you slow from 25 000 miles an hour to 2500 miles an hour at this point the gravitational pull the Moon and the Earth for people now the moon starts pulling in and it starts accelerating even by the time you get into the lunar surface you're about 5300 miles an hour if you don't slow them out you'll walk around a little drag and go with the soul of orbit it's a very critical maneuver that you have to slow down the 3600 foreign time

and I just uh touched on us and Larry this is the drive I don't know why I just did in case I don't have my Moon and Earth model with me let me just show Fantasia too this is a little logical this part and ASAP to the Moon the decision uh had an adjustable cross 10 increments of the 60 percent and then the full form we had to have it adjustable so yeah during Landing again I want to emphasize the amount of power required to do these missions the Visa says spoke away it was almost 23 000 pounds 18 000 pounds per pound and all that redesigned into the mail and then the accents saved

half away of the access to influence of God seventy percent of older model was propelled he had a big believer it was no fuel stations just a little bit of a fuels I don't know the library on this but the fuels used on these missions are called hyper molecules I'm outside there actually very constant and they ion conduct which is repeated its own emission system required just one of them together on the way you go a little I don't want to collaborate on this too much but desensitive they're too awesome the accent today I'm a great model you see in red the sap tank that's one of the pairs I work on those super critical

healing helium was used as a pressurizing agent to push the fuel off the diver down to the engine the tanks are a lot of tax so you pressurize the lack of a while and push everything down the lunar module was both way we eventually have two gases healing tanks on Json state you suggested Vanessa if we switched from blood pressure to save 300 pounds of weight and NASA would have really in 1960 dollars to send 10 10 off from home this is a shot of the eagle approaching the advanced service model even though I'm not saying how should we even go you got a launch up for 60 miles and catch up to the command

service launcher which was not only be a 36 on the hospital a little bit about the Apollo 13 disaster on the way to the Moon the quarter pound they also been attacking on the command service model to exploded and blew the watermelon rendering the commands her responsible useless so I'm available what did they do they use the lunar module to slow the spacecraft now as it approached the Moon and then decent as far as both as they started down to 3 600 miles an hour as it approached the Moon to get a half hour I call it a gravitational slingshot we fired the age and again here to go back to the Earth remembering that

the Earth is orbiting the Sun so we had to hang three days over here it was only human flight influence Corrections needed so it was uh quite a quite a rescue I'm thinking of the tour was something about there it won't be there all right but they're very popular benefit breathing oxygen it was barely submitted into the brain of an impact law so it was created using the oxygen and aluminum October was designed for two uh one of the Band-Aids we did the square Advantage page together is lithium hydroxide and that takes the CO2 out of the air that is itself from breathing so we managed to take one of the species of the fans

the two of songs and some duct tape and force the uh part of dioxide air there's blood through the lithium I've lost my academic suffocated actually again this is another visual of why I just describing one thing I want to point out is that the center of the screen you see sheet tank that's super pretty exactness that was the most event on the boat we had to create a custom visualized or two of the football anywhere it's been reported by a game like and the residual helium was real pressure and then it was just low left at night and harmless even in the space well how many left on the on the mission he told

the astronaut you're going to hear her back it's a burst of this hurricane don't worry that the tank is created the speed so short that instead of being many of the opposed and then about history which is so harmless because the spacecraft to blow cycling and the astronaut said hey we're also talking about people on the back but in the Apollo 13 movie Hollywood had to get in there the movie was quite good it actually but this one thing is when that first just moved maybe it looked like the cabinet stores were flying out the dishes that the government were coming out the ways of nothing it was Hollywood Unity at all that was the

only thing I thought was you know Hollywood in action here's a shot of the uh services and the commands of responsible was forwarding it the man in the command services so it was kind of a blessing were the accident happened 17. weighed 462 pounds and to carry over a thousand pounds here's a shot of aluminum Rover which the last seven years a matter of the side of the the defense today program 16 is shown during Apollo 17. the last time an average automotive in the car on Apollo 17. you may not remember what Harrison and one of the action house who was a PhD geologist and he was able to bring back some specific significant

geological sounds this is a 2010 shot of the motor or reconnaissance over the camera actually taking a picture of he apologize to look closely and actually see Footsteps in that picture here's a shot of Paul well this is the one that landed here to severe which we've spent about three years before I only got over and so Samuel's officer there to see what the exposure free years to say oh of America blew the flag over now here's here's a shock on the museum okay if you haven't been there is a worthwhile a territory you can do it in a day um they decided about 20 years ago to take the Sabbath Islands out of the

field and they built those buildings uh 100 feet high 100 feet wide and they laid a whole uh rocket found in our as long as they can walk all around a lot of the side rooms you could go into with seedlings we head our way through Union we got about 530 people who have thrown there are 180x75 Booster it was absolutely fabulous here's a view of the cross on the command service model and in the museum now there is a one of the shelves the shuttle was retired in 2011. this kind of bummed me out because NASA was supposed to have on a post a replacement with a shovel and uh they cancel that replacement

for the time meeting I think 2007. but they still had a retirement debate for the Charlotte 2011. the U.S now pays the Russians 75 million dollars per seed supply of our men to the International Space Station to a large medical office 150 to run the shop with Manpower Houston and debate is about 300 million so I don't think they should have done this I think they should have kept on the conversation until we had oh Fred Hayes on Hall of 13 beginning with Vice President Obama anyone told me he said NASA should not be able to Transportation because they should be in the next version of this now you're seeing some of the private companies

like SpaceX and bowling getting into the business about transportation disagree here that they're playing a man and District of Mars in order to run just in the process of developing Concepts orange gravity is about 38 two-fifths of that Earth has a slight see it would go atmosphere one of the possible benefits of getting there is Mars has a lower cap and perhaps they use the ice for higher than our oxygen a reading about just a few comments of organic here on some of the programs that have gone on since the aluminum the old call it's just from one of those telescope that has a tremendous discoveries in the universe total is getting involved in it

will not be serviced again and it will be replaced by the changed web telescope should be launched hopefully soon it's been a couple of delays just but there's not a Cooperative error other than not just on the contract with an outer space flight center of being about Ireland for design and development of the web telescope it'll be a hundred times more powerful than the bubble here's an example of a neuroscised a whole of those mirrors that almost about seven feet in an hour but if there's 18 excitable gold plated mirrors uh James Webb which have to pull up the launch have to come out into a perfect canonical mirror shape to be if there's some

real engineering has to be together merge what was the first have gone in 94 with a high outcome stock was 62 bucks a share at a time a few amazing you mentioned the hall which took many each space all over the universe International Space Station was assembled used in the shuttle now you can see the International Space Station fly over with Omega by having a single time okay it's very easy to see on your computer just dial in high access like Google come up with a website the seeing the space space station near me files store Florida and Oklahoma all this I had it on here 's what this for November and one of the

there's a lot of good signings here the first top part of that this fall in the morning and later in the month is in the evening because even touched her earlier in the evening for a better look at it but in some cases if you look at it Friday the 15th you'll notice this the society and if you look down at a Sunday the 17th there's two sightings there what's happening is the shuttle's coming over perhaps in the in the east and then 90 years later in the last I've rarely seen a double sidings like that but uh if you want to get out tomorrow morning Wednesday the third at six a.m it looks like

it's going to be a pure light that should be a fact of a passing it's something almost directly overhead it'll appear above the northwest and disappear on the Southeast so they go to that tomorrow morning at six if you get up early going outside and then down on the 18th in the evening the 18th and the 19th there's two good sightings in the evening to see uh we did several missions of arms to Mars rovers and amazing things that are supposed to last three months over 10 years and it was so on power and just a couple more comments some of my favorite programs were Gap layout launched from the show in 1989 it took

six years to get to Jupiter organizer for eight years through many discoveries how many of those 60 moves and the blind lines of a four major on the big these were amazing uh almost at the easily seen from Earth to the Civil telescope the general proportional laboratory out of California from NASA and it was so Cassini launched in 97 took seven years to get as a Sabbath in order to assignment for 30 years to discover May of 53 moons the gravitational field of Saturn is not stronger than Earth and casino over 76 and this is one of my favorite shops on the city that actually shows the rings of Saturn the edge of Saturn and

in the far distance that little pod is perfect you want to know aliens that are reply does it it looks like a tiny little lip and my all-time favor is scattered Kepler has been in order for several years and it ain't got a very tiny area of the Milky Way and surveyed over 140 000 Stars and I wanted a lot of her was why I planted around the star passed in front of the star like a ceiling over left it was a slight bit of the sorrow and the camera was sensitive enough it was sensitive amount by comparison to pick up a fly flying from a headlight I it's beyond my pay grade to figure

out how they do these things and the universe really incomprehensible our Milky Way galaxy has over two hundred billion stars we can only see about six thousand of them and the nearest stars or light years away speed of light travels uh 186 000 miles a second so in one year it would travel six trillion miles to the meter of star is 25 trillion miles from our son but the universe was thought to have contained 200 billion galaxies recently says space photos indicate that there now be one trillion dollars is there a life out there I say it has to be everywhere and something like maybe a billion years ago and that's the end I was

going to get it for us now before I go let me get to tell you one sword I was a couple of years ago I was late anymore Friday West than Indian Town I was going along pretty good about instead of being five miles an hour or here's the blue light session was supposed to be over license and registration he said this tomorrow the speed limit here is 55 I thought you're doing a police 75. I'm gonna have to get a good ticket so I mean what did I need to look at it I'm going to fight yourself I told the doctor I said hello if they have a computer that I was willing 75

miles an hour for the West but due to the rotation of the earth to the east side of it I was actually going backwards at 775 miles high so the ticket is incorrectly rip yeah so there's no scratcher said he says somebody uniformity slam the heart and he said taste the sister much to the scripture of the arresting homes now a couple of months later on the Indians now okay not for sure about 75 miles an hour and a little bit of period of time and if I don't know about it it was the same University officer he said oh she missed a lot he said if you go down here to speak divided by

575 but during the rotation here for the east I'm writing a ticket up for 925 an hour so it took me 2000 hours of community service and a hundred thousand dollar fine for those that's all thanks

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